Electronics

Electronics involves the study of circuit and components that modify the intensity, direction or properties of electric currents.

Electronic components
In this section, we will analyse the most common electronic components.

-Fixed resistance or resistor
A fixed resistance or resistor opposes the flow of electric currents. Its calue, which we measure in ohms, is indicated by code of colour and numbers

Variable resistance or potentiometer

The value of a variable resistance or potentiometer can be adjusted between zero and the maximum value specifed by the manufacturer

Resistance that depend on a physical factor

Resistance that depends on temperature is called a thermistor. There are two types of thermistors:

-Negative temperature coefficient (NTC): The resistance decreases as the temperature rises.

-Positive temperature coefficient (PTC): The resistance increases as the temperature rise.

LDR: Resistance that varies according to the amoint of light received. the resistance decreases as the amount of light increases. These devices, like potentiometers, are often used in security systemns, where they are parts of sensors

Capacitors

A capacitor can store electrical energy from a battery and then use it to power a light bulb until the charge is totally depleted.

Capacitors are components that can store an elctrical charge.

The value of a capacitor indicates the charge in volts that it can store. This is measured in farads (F)

Diodes

A diode is an electronic component made from semiconductor materials. It only allows electric current to flow in one direction. A diode has two electrodes: an anode (A) and cathode (k)

A LED only gives off light when an electric current flows though it.